MVCAC

mvcac@lists.osenergy.org

1015 discussions

Berkeley becomes first U.S. city to ban natural gas in new homes - SFChronicle.com
by Duane Nichols via MVCAC 17 Jul '19

17 Jul '19

https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Berkeley-becomes-first-U-S-city… Berkeley becomes first U.S. city to ban natural gas in new homes Sarah Ravani, San Francisco Chronicle, July 15, 2019 Berkeley became the first city nationwide to ban the use of natural gas in new low-rise residential buildings in a unanimous vote Tuesday by the City Council. The ordinance, introduced by Councilwoman Kate Harrison, goes into effect Jan. 1, 2020, and phases out the use of natural gas by requiring all new single-family homes, town homes and small apartment buildings to have electric infrastructure. After its passage, Harrison thanked the community and her colleagues “for making Berkeley the first city in California and the United States to prohibit natural gas infrastructure in new buildings.” The city will include commercial buildings and larger residential structures as the state moves to develop regulations for those, officials said. The ordinance allocates $273,341 per year for a two-year staff position in the Building and Safety Division within the city’s Department of Planning and Development. The employee will be responsible for implementing the ban. “I’m proud to vote on groundbreaking legislation to prohibit natural gas in new buildings,” Mayor Jesse Arreguín said on Twitter. “We are committed to the #ParisAgreement and must take immediate action in order to reach our climate action goals. It’s not radical, it’s necessary.” The ordinance applies to buildings that have been reviewed by the California Energy Commission and determined to meet state requirements and regulations if they are electric only, said Ben Gould, the chairman of Berkeley’s Community Environmental Advisory Commission. Gould said he spoke as a private citizen and not as a representative of the commission. Those buildings are low-rise residential buildings, which include single-family homes, town homes and small apartment buildings. Therefore, Berkeley’s ordinance only applies to those buildings, but as the state approves more building types, the city will follow, Gould said. The way the ordinance is written, the city’s regulations will update as the state commission approves more building models without having to return to the City Council for a vote. “We need to find ways to move forward innovative groundbreaking climate policy,” he said. “This policy is really important and critical. It helps address one of the largest sources of emissions in Berkeley.” In 2009, the city adopted a Climate Action Plan that aimed to reduce emissions by 33% by 2020 and 80% by 2050. The plan also commits the city to using 100% renewable electricity by 2035. In June 2018, the council declared a climate emergency and called for a review of Berkeley’s greenhouse emission reduction strategies. The city determined in a report last year that gas-related emissions have increased due to an 18% population growth since 2000. The report also concluded that the burning of natural gas within city buildings accounted for 27% of Berkeley’s total greenhouse gas emissions in 2016. As the city’s population soars, the need for more housing has also increased. From 2014 to 2017, the Planning Department approved building permits for 525 residential units and 925 built units were approved for occupancy. More housing is expected, particularly with the Adeline Corridor Plan, which calls for the construction of 1,400 units along Adeline Street and a portion of South Shattuck Avenue. Electric-only buildings prevent the installation of natural gas pipes and instead install heat pumps and induction cooking, Gould said. “Think about a refrigerator and how it makes inside your refrigerator cold and blows hot air out of somewhere else,” Gould said. “A heat pump works like that, but in reverse. It takes outside air and emits cold air outside and provides hot air inside. They can also be flipped in reverse and work as an air conditioner.” Induction cooking transfers heat directly to any magnetic cookware, including cast-iron and steel, without using radiation. “It transfers heat right to the pot,” Gould said. “It boils water faster than anything else that exists. It’s very even, very quick to respond.” At Tuesday’s meeting, Harrison’s staff demonstrated the use of an induction cooktop by making chocolate fondue. The staff placed a piece of paper between the stove and the pot to show its safety features. The pot turned hot, but the paper didn’t burn, Gould said. The ordinance restricts developers applying for land-use permits from building anything that includes gas infrastructure, including gas piping to heat water, space and food. Accessory dwelling units — built-in basements or attics of existing homes — are exempt from the ordinance. A public interest exemption may also be allowed if the council or the Zoning Adjustments Board determines that the use of natural gas is necessary.

1 0

Delaware City Refining Company agrees to $950, 000 settlement for Clean Air Act violations - WHYY
by Duane Nichols via MVCAC 12 Jul '19

12 Jul '19

https://whyy.org/articles/delaware-city-refining-company-agrees-to-950000-s… Delaware City Refining Company agrees to $950,000 settlement ByEmily PontecorvoJuly 11, 2019, WHYY, Philadelphia, PA The settlement does not cover violations from a fire that broke out in February, releasing hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide into the air. (Cris Barrish/WHYY) The Delaware City Refining Company, LLC has agreed to pay a $950,000 penalty to the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control for violations of the Clean Air Act that date back to 2010. The settlement also addresses appeals the company made to DNREC-issued air quality permits. The violations include releases of volatile organic compounds, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide — pollutants that are known to cause breathing problems, skin irritation, and in some cases nausea, vomiting, and neurological effects such as dizziness. The refinery has also been cited for releases of methane, one of the most powerful heat-trapping gases that contributes to global warming. DNREC has agreed to revise the permit language regarding emissions caps on certain units at the refinery. There is an annual cap on the facility’s emissions, but certain units have shorter-term limits that prevent large releases all at once. The new language allows the company more flexibility on some units under certain circumstances, such as when equipment is malfunctioning. The revised permits will now enter a comment period. Once the comment period closes and the revised permits are issued, pending no major changes, the company has agreed to dismiss its appeals. DNREC has been fighting the refinery over outstanding air and water violations since the facility’s restart in June 2010. DNREC Secretary Shawn Garvin told WHYY that the agency decided to separate the two issues due to the complicated nature of the air quality permit appeals. The new settlement does not cover outstanding water violations by the refinery or any air quality violations after October 2018. For example, it does not cover violations from a fire that broke out in February, releasing hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide into the air. Garvin said these more recent violations will be addressed through the usual investigation process. “In any agreement, you don’t get utopia,” he said. “I think we got to a place in which we addressed a lot of backlogged issues that had been building up over time and set the stage for more clarity moving forward.” He expects to address future violations more quickly than those addressed by the settlement. The Delaware City Refining Company is part of PBF energy, the owner of five refineries including the Paulsboro Refinery in Paulsboro, New Jersey. The company did not respond to a request for comment on this story. Sent from my iPad

1 0

Investigation: Cracker plant will bring jobs, pollution
by Duane Nichols via MVCAC 08 Jul '19

08 Jul '19

https://www.wtae.com/article/investigation-cracker-plant-will-bring-jobs-po… From an Article by Paul van Osdol, WTAE Action 4 News, May 9, 2019 MONACA, Pa. — The massive ethane cracker plant in Beaver County is bringing thousands of jobs to Western Pennsylvania. But Action News Investigates has learned it may also bring thousands of tons of air pollutants to a region that already has some of the nation's dirtiest air. At the cracker plant site, dozens of cranes soar into the sky as thousands of construction workers assemble the petrochemical facility that will convert natural gas liquids into plastics. The project has breathed new life into what was an industrial wasteland. But some medical experts who are also environmental advocates said breathing will be much harder once the plant is up and running. “To me it's about breathing. It's about health,” said Dr. Ned Ketyer, a retired pediatrician affiliated with Pitt's Climate and Global Change Center. He said the plant's toxic fumes will affect health as far south as Pittsburgh. “Allegheny County is already dealing with higher risks of cancer because of air pollution and I believe this is going to make things much worse,” Ketyer said. Volatile organic compounds, or VOCs, are a major industrial pollutant. Environmental Protection Agency records show the industrial plant with the largest VOC emissions in Western Pennsylvania is the Clairton Coke Works, with 291 tons of VOCs in 2014, the most recent year available. But the cracker plant's state permit says it is allowed up to 522 tons of VOCs per year. Ammonia is another air toxin. “That can have immediate effects on the brain and the liver,” Ketyer said. EPA records show the Coke Works and U.S. Steel's Edgar Thomson Works in Braddock combined emitted 139 tons of ammonia in 2014. But the cracker plant's permit allows for even more -- 152 tons. The cracker plant is also allowed to emit 2.2 million tons of carbon dioxide per year. That is equivalent to 488,000 cars. Shell and the state Department of Environmental Protection said there is no need to worry. “Those numbers seem large but they are absolutely the lowest numbers that can be achieved using the technology that's currently available,” said Ron Schwartz, regional director for the DEP. He said the DEP did two studies of the cracker plant's potential health impacts and they showed “that there would be no detrimental effect on human health through the environment, and the Department of Health also reviewed those results and concurred with our findings.” Shell spokesman Joseph Minnitte said the company "takes the health of the community and our staff very seriously." Further, “Inhalation risk assessments performed by Shell and PA DEP concluded that chronic cancer and non-cancer risks as well as acute non-cancer risks do not exceed PA DEP's benchmarks," Minnitte said. But chemist and environmental advocate Wilma Subra, of Louisiana, disagrees. “The air emissions are going to be so severe, they're going to notice it immediately,” she said. Subra has studied the impact of cracker plants in Louisiana, where an industrial area between New Orleans and Baton Rouge has been called "cancer alley." She said that, as in Louisiana, the Beaver cracker will lead to more petrochemical plants in the area, and that will have a dramatic impact on public health. “It's going to be as bad or worse than any of the plants in Louisiana and then suddenly, you're going to have a Pennsylvania cancer alley like we have here in Louisiana,” she said. Asked if the cracker plant could lead to a cancer alley in Pennsylvania, Schwartz said, “That's not something I can comment on.” In Beaver, where the business district is just a couple of miles from the cracker plant, shoppers said they were excited about the number of jobs being created. But some of them said they had no idea how much pollution may be coming out of the plant. “It's not a big conversation that I hear in town,” said Gayle Latulippe, of Beaver. But some area residents were alarmed to hear the cracker plant is allowed more VOC emissions than the Clairton Coke Works. “Oh, it's a big concern. I mean, how are we supposed to breathe?” said Liz Zagorski, of Beaver. She lives a mile from the plant. She said she is especially worried for her great-nephew: “What's it going to be like when he gets to be old enough to be running around?” she said. Subra said local residents are right to be worried. “The politicians are going to be looking back and their children are going to be looking at them saying, 'Why did you do this? Why did you sell us out?'" she said. A second cracker plant, in eastern Ohio, is in the planning stages. And West Virginia officials are discussing the possibility of another cracker plant. A consent agreement between Shell and several environmental groups will require continuous air monitoring at the fence line of the cracker plant. The DEP said it will also monitor the air near the plant starting early next year.

1 0

Fire officials: "there was a little lack of communication" around coke plant emergency | WTOV
by Duane Nichols via MVCAC 30 Jun '19

30 Jun '19

NOTE. .... air pollution in the northern Panhandle of WV ........ DGN https://wtov9.com/news/local/fire-officials-there-was-a-little-lack-of-comm… Fire officials: "there was a little lack of communication" around coke plant emergency FOLLANSBEE, WV (WTOV) - A Saturday evening emergency situation at a Follansbee coke plant sparked concern among many residents. The Mountain State Carbon plant located along Route 2 suffered a complete loss of power, resulting in massive flames and billowing smoke clouds emitting from the facility. Although the flames and smoke may have looked bad, a former employee at the plant says it is all part of a normal procedure. "It's a normal process," said Andy Williams. "This is just a rare occurrence that, you know, you lose power and the transformer and everything." But things got more complicated when the power stayed off, forcing firefighters to respond to the carbon plant - not to battle a fire, but to help keep the coke ovens cool. "When we went in pretty much our specific purpose was to cool certain areas of the #8 coke battery so the guys working on top of the battery can work without all the heat," said Follansbee Fire Chief Larry Rea. "There were little spot fires." Brooke County emergency dispatchers say that firefighters from Follansbee, Colliers, Beech Bottom and Franklin were on the scene as well as several other units from across the region. "The biggest reason for all the extra fire departments we brought in was being with the power outage, they couldn't pump water," said Rea. With water storage tanks dwindling and being unable to pump water, Rea called in more tankers to help. However, even with a prolonged period without power, the public was never in danger. "No, there was absolutely no harm to the public," said Rea. He described the situation as controlled chaos. Rea has more than 45 years of experience working with the plant and says he has never seen anything quite this bad. "This was the worst that I have seen that battery like that. Again, this is the first time they have ever lost, in the history of the coke plant, the first time they have ever lost complete power plant wide." Throughout the entire emergency, he says that plant officials and his team worked together to tackle a task they have never faced on a level this severe. "They're trained, they know what to do. They handle this in the utmost professional manner." The only thing that Rea says he would change with the whole scenario is the way they communicate with the public. "I'll admit it, there was a little lack of communication. The EMA was notified, Bob Fowler, head of EMA wasn't notified in a timely fashion." In the future, if an event like Saturday evenings would occur again, Rea says he would utilize the city's one call system to notify residents as well as the county's resources. Rea also told News9 that the area likely experienced an exceedance of air pollution levels, but the biggest thing to take away from the entire incident is that the public was never in danger.

1 0

Clairton Coke Works fire renews residents’ concerns over air quality | June 18, 2019
by Duane Nichols via MVCAC 18 Jun '19

18 Jun '19

https://triblive.com/local/pittsburgh-allegheny/clairton-coke-works-fire-re… Clairton Coke Works fire renews residents’ concerns over air quality in Mon Valley From an Article by JAMIE MARTINES, Pittsburgh Tribune Review, June 18, 2019 Some Mon Valley residents are once again wondering if their air is safe to breathe after another fire this week at U.S. Steel’s Clairton Coke Works. “It’s really scary actually, because it’s summertime, and we like to be outside,” Clairton resident Tonya Carroll, 29, said Tuesday. Carroll, who has two young children, can see some of the plant’s stacks from her porch on Locust Avenue, less than a mile from the plant. She worries her little ones are at risk for developing respiratory issues. An early-morning electrical fire Monday at the Clairton Coke Works caused the shutdown of three control rooms at the plant — 1, 2 and 5 —responsible for pollution control. That shutdown included the same equipment that was offline for months following a Dec. 24 fire at the facility. During the first shutdown, the Allegheny County Health Department recorded several instances of higher-than-normal emissions of sulfur dioxide, or SO2, from the plant. Pollution controls are now back online, and the Allegheny County Health Department confirmed Tuesday that department air quality monitors did not record SO2 emissions that exceeded federal limits. SO2 is a colorless gas that could cause irritation to the nose, eyes and throat in healthy people, and could exacerbate existing respiratory conditions. “With that fire, shouldn’t they shut it down?” said Derique Johnson, a lifelong resident of Clairton. The stacks sometimes billow yellow or brown plumes — and that’s concerning, said Johnson, 23. But he also worries about the potential for larger, more catastrophic fires or explosions at the plant. Carol Johnson, 61, has lived in Clairton for about 21 years. She has COPD — a respiratory condition that makes it difficult to breathe — and worries that pollution from the plant makes it worse. She worries that her grandchildren, who often visit her home on Maple Avenue, less than a mile from the plant, could also be at risk. She was up late with her grandson the night before, who had a bad cough, she said. “I don’t know how dangerous all that is,” she said. Others say concerns about the plant are overblown. Tanya Lewis, 37, spent a humid Tuesday afternoon at a playground off Division Avenue. She has 11 children — none of them have breathing problems, she said — and has lived in Clairton her entire life. She has worked at the plant, and her father, 61, has worked at the plant since he was 17. Neither have experienced breathing issues, she said. “It’s just hype,” Lewis said as kids jumped from the swings and climbed over the playground equipment nearby. “Everybody’s got to complain about something.” Clairton residents living a bit farther from the plant — about a mile uphill — say that they don’t feel the effects of pollution as intensely. “There’s always a concern about the air, we always have that,” John Pfefferkorn, 67, said from his Wylie Avenue home. He knows the jobs at the plant are important: The retired steel worker was born in McKeesport but has been living in Clairton for about 40 years, having worked at U.S. Steel’s Irvin Works in West Mifflin after earning a teaching degree. The air is better now than it was back then, he said. But he’d like to see U.S. Steel protect both jobs and the health of local residents. “You can have it both ways,” he said. Donald Fry, 76, has lived in his Mitchell Avenue home — a local landmark and former home of Clairton Coke Works Superintendent Henry Davis from 1903 to 1910 — for about 20 years. At this point, he’s not surprised to find debris or film on his lawn furniture. But earlier this year, in the months after the December fire at the Clairton Coke Works, he came down with pneumonia. His partner, Rebecca Starr, 75, had bronchitis. His son, who lives in Scott Township, can’t visit for long — he has asthma, and it gets worse when he comes by the house. “It could have been a fluke,” Starr said of their recent illnesses, adding that she has no history of respiratory issues. She’d like to leave the city, but knows they might have difficulty selling the house. Area scientists studying air pollution have set up a sensor in the couple’s backyard to monitor air quality. It’s attached to an old, rusty pole that used to hold up a birdhouse, and a group stops by once a month to take readings, Starr said. U.S. Steel has not released additional details about the cause of the fire. The county health department said it “remains concerned about redundancies to equipment and will be continuing to push U.S. Steel to address that concern and ensure that a failure such as this can be avoided in the future.”

1 0

Internal emails reveal how the chemical lobby fights regulation
by Duane Nichols via MVCAC 22 May '19

22 May '19

Internal emails reveal how the chemical lobby fights regulation By Emily Holden, The Guardian (US News), May 22, 2019 The US has long allowed companies to use thousands of chemicals with little or no data on whether they are safe. A 2016 update to US chemical laws is meant to require more testing, but critics say Trump’s EPA is using the new process to undermine ongoing reviews. The EPA says the changes to how it assesses chemicals will let the agency “expeditiously” regulate dangerous ones. NOTE: From personal knowledge and experience, the American Chemistry Council cannot be trusted. Nor can the Administrator of the US EPA, at this time. The American Chemical Society (ACS) is a trusted professional society. Duane Nichols, Chem. Engr. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/may/22/internal-emails-reveal-how-…

1 0

The Worst Air in Pennsylvania is in our Monongahela River valley!
by Duane Nichols via MVCAC 09 May '19

09 May '19

Does Mon Valley Have Worst Air in PA? New Report Says: Yes See also: GASP — https://gasp-pgh.org/ A recent report published by Clean Water Action details the history of violations of the federal Clean Air Act standards in the Mon Valley over the past 12 years. The results found air quality monitors in the Mon Valley recorded some of the worst air, not just in Allegheny County, but throughout Pennsylvania. The report details the failure to protect Mon Valley residents from illegal levels of both sulfur dioxide and fine particles, or breathable soot. More than 400 exceedances of federal standards for these pollutants have been recorded by monitors in the Mon Valley since the EPA established the health based standards in 2006. “This report makes clear that both industry and government have failed to protect Mon Valley residents. When we know that this pollution, especially from U.S. Steel, is harming people, it should not take a decade to act. There is talk of how we are improving, but in 2018 the Mon Valley clearly had the worst air in Pennsylvania,” stated Myron Arnowitt, Pennsylvania director for Clean Water Action. Read the key findings and access the entire report here

1 0

Researchers Now Have Even More Proof That Air Pollution Can Cause Dementia – Mother Jones
by Duane Nichols via MVCAC 07 May '19

07 May '19

https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2019/05/researchers-now-have-even-m… Researchers Now Have Even More Proof That Air Pollution Can Cause Dementia A Mother Jones investigation prompted the study that turned up the most convincing evidence to date. Aaron Reuben, Mother Jones Magazine, May 2019 A few years ago I stood in a cramped trailer beside the busy 110 freeway in Los Angeles as researchers at the University of Southern California gathered soot thrown off by vehicles pounding by just a few yards from their instruments, which rattled whenever a heavy truck passed. I was there to learn about how scientists were beginning to link air pollution—from power plants, motor vehicles, forest fires, you name it—to one of the least understood and most frightening of illnesses: dementia. “I have no hesitation whatsoever to say that air pollution causes dementia,” said one leading researcher. At that time, as I reported in Mother Jones, the research implicating air pollution as one factor that can contribute to dementia was alarming, consistent, and, ultimately, “suggestive.” Since then scientists have published a wave of studies that reveal that air pollution is much worse for us than we had previously imagined. The evidence is so compelling, in fact, that many leading researchers now believe it’s conclusive. “I have no hesitation whatsoever to say that air pollution causes dementia,” says Caleb Finch, gerontologist and the leader of USC’s Air Pollution and Brain Disease research network, which has completed many of these new studies. In terms of its effects on our health and welfare, Finch says, “air pollution is just as bad as cigarette smoke.” This evidence arrives alongside the alarming news that air quality is actually worsening for many cities in the United States, while the Trump Administration continues its effort to delay or roll-back environmental safeguards. What makes Finch—and the half dozen other researchers I talked to—so sure? Of all the new research, three studies in particular paint a stark picture of the extent to which the quality of our air can determine whether we will age with our minds intact. In one from 2018, researchers followed 130,000 older adults living in London for several years. Those exposed to higher levels of air pollutants, particularly nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter released by fossil fuel combustion, were significantly more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease—the most common kind of dementia—than their otherwise demographically matched peers. In total, Londoners exposed to the highest levels of air pollution were about one and a half times more likely to develop Alzheimer’s across the study period than their neighbors exposed to the lowest levels—a replication of previous findings from Taiwan, where air pollution levels are much higher. Another, a 2017 study published in the Lancet, followed all adults living in Ontario (roughly 6 and a half million people) for over a decade and found that those who lived closer to major high-traffic roads were significantly more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease across the study period regardless of their health at baseline or socioeconomic status. Both of these studies estimated that around 6 to 7 percent of all dementia cases in their samples could be attributed to air pollution exposures. Those studies from Canada and the UK are certainly intriguing. But the most compelling, and least reported on, study comes from the United States. It was also, incidentally, inspired by our previous reporting. Following our early report on the link between air pollution and dementia, three economists at Arizona State University—Kelly Bishop, Nicolai Kuminoff, and Jonathan Ketcham—decided to pursue a large-scale investigation of the issue. “We found the Mother Jones article compelling,” Ketcham says. “It was informative about the plausible pathways and the need for more rigorous studies that could test causality.” Ultimately, Bishop, Kuminoff, and Ketcham decided to link EPA air quality data to fifteen years of Medicare records for 6.9 million Americans over the age of 65. Rather than simply ask if Americans exposed to more air pollution developed dementia at higher rates, the team identified a quasi-natural experiment that arbitrarily separated Americans into higher and lower air pollution exposure groups. In 2005, the US Environmental Protection Agency targeted 132 counties in 21 states for increased regulation because they were found to be in violation of new air quality standards for fine particulate matter pollution. Residents of those counties consequently saw their air quality improve at a faster rate than their demographically matched peers living in other counties who, initially, had equal exposures but lived in counties with pollution levels that just barely fell below the new air quality standards. This quirk of different standards across the country allowed the researchers to ask if a manipulated decrease in air pollution exposure actually led to fewer cases of dementia, from Alzheimer’s or other dementing diseases, like strokes. This overcame a significant limitation of the other existing studies, which could only compare differences in exposure and disease arising “naturally” among people who lived in different places rather than by a planned intervention. “If people who have lower levels of education, who are less wealthy, and who are less healthy for reasons that we can’t observe end up living in more polluted areas,” says Ketcham, “it’s difficult to say which of those factors could have led to disease.” All told, a lead study author says, enforcing the EPA’s stricter air quality standard in 2005 likely resulted in 140,000 fewer people living with dementia by 2014. As they reported in the National Bureau of Economic Research last year, Bishop, Kuminoff, and Ketcham determined that air pollution could indeed cause dementia, specifically Alzheimer’s dementia. In counties that had to quickly comply with the new air quality standards, older people developed Alzheimer’s at lower rates than their peers in counties where the new rules didn’t apply. Annual exposure to an average of one more microgram of fine particle pollution per cubic meter of air (an amount well within the range of difference you could see if you moved from a clean neighborhood to a more polluted neighborhood) raised the typical US elder’s risk of dementia as if they had aged 2.7 additional years. The authors estimated that the size of this elevated risk approached that of other well-known dementia drivers, including hypertension and heart disease. All told, Ketcham says, enforcing the EPA’s stricter air quality standard likely resulted in 140,000 fewer people living with dementia by 2014. He places the economic value of that avoided disease burden at around $163 billion. Researchers now better understand what happens in the brain when you breathe polluted air—and how that can lead to neurodegeneration years later. When you inhale pollutants, the smallest particles, emitted by cars, power plants, and other places where fuel is burned, lodge in your lungs’ sensitive tissue or else pass into your blood stream. In those places they trigger an immune response that seeks to trap, contain, and remove the invading particles. In time that response generalizes to what we call “systemic inflammation,” or an over-active, overly excited immune response across the body. Systemic inflammation appears to be the primary way that air pollution harms the brain, says Caleb Finch. In early 2017 Finch and his colleagues showed that inflammation following air pollution exposure leads to the formation of Alzheimer’s plaques in the brains of mice genetically altered to develop Alzheimer’s pathology. “That was impressive,” says George Martin, Director Emeritus of the University of Washington’s Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, who was not involved in the study. Because of that study, and others like it, Martin now believes that air pollution could be one potential cause of dementia, although he wants more evidence on the mechanisms, “and, ideally, on a specific component or components of air pollution.” “My view of Alzheimer’s is changing,” said one prominent Alzheimer’s expert, “and I think the field is changing with it.” In the coming years, these new findings could shape scientists’ understanding of neurodegenerative disease. Because of these new studies, says George Perry, Chief Scientist of the Brain Health Consortium at the University of Texas at San Antonio and Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, “my view of Alzheimer’s is changing, and I think the field is changing with it.” Perry now believes that air pollution is a potential risk factor for dementia, and his Alzheimer’s journal will soon run a special issue devoted to the link between the two. Motivated, in part, by the new evidence, Perry also increasingly sees dementia as a disease like cancer, where multiple factors could lead to pathology. “People develop cancer without smoking or being exposed to air pollution,” he says, “But each of those will raise your risk.” Unlike with smoking, we can’t always know when we are being exposed to dirty air, and we can’t decide when to quit. Yet Arizona State’s Kuminoff firmly believes that we could avoid more dementia by strengthening our existing air pollution standards. If there is a safe level of exposure, he says, “We haven’t gotten there yet.” One More Thing And it's a big one. Mother Jones is launching a new Corruption Project to do deep, time-intensive reporting on the corruption that is both the cause and result of the crisis in our democracy. The more we thought about how Mother Jones can have the most impact right now, the more we realized that so many stories come down to corruption: People with wealth and power putting their interests first—and often getting away with it. Our goal is to understand how we got here and how we might get out. We're aiming to create a reporting position dedicated to uncovering corruption, build a team, and let them investigate for a year—publishing our stories in a concerted window: a special issue of our magazine, video and podcast series, and a dedicated online portal so they don't get lost in the daily deluge of headlines and breaking news. We want to go all in, and we've got seed funding to get started—but we're looking to raise $500,000 in donations this spring so we can go even bigger. You can read about why we think this project is what the moment demands and what we hope to accomplish—and if you like how it sounds, please help us go big with a tax-deductible donation today.

1 0

State natural gas rule misses chance to curb climate changing pollution | Opinion - pennlive.com
by Duane Nichols via MVCAC 06 May '19

06 May '19

https://www.pennlive.com/opinion/2019/05/state-natural-gas-rule-misses-chan… PA State natural gas rule misses chance to curb climate changing pollution | Opinion Essay by Prof. Peter DeCarlo, PennLive.com, May 6, 2019 We must reduce air pollution caused by Pennsylvania’s natural gas industry. Lawmakers in Harrisburg are working on a rule to do just that, but they’re only getting it half right. The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection’s (DEP) current proposal to curb air pollution at thousands of existing natural gas facilities targets health-damaging and ozone-forming volatile organic compounds (VOCs), but only describes reducing methane emissions as a “co-benefit.” Methane is a powerful greenhouse gas and a significant cause of climate change. It is unlikely we will achieve the goal of 80 percent reductions in greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 as promised by Governor Wolf if we do not directly regulate methane. Targeting methane reductions must be a central focus of the proposed rule. It cannot be downgraded to an indirect benefit. As an atmospheric and climate scientist at Drexel University, I’ve studied leakage from the natural gas industry throughout the Commonwealth for eight years. My research team documented a 300 percent increase in methane emissions in northeastern Pennsylvania between 2012 and 2015. During that same time period, the estimates from the natural gas industry suggested a 30 percent decrease in methane emissions. That disturbing discrepancy is a clear indicator that the state must to do more to measure and mitigate methane emissions from existing natural gas sites and not rely on imprecise estimates. The draft rule as currently written will allow leaks in many parts of the state to emit substantially more methane before triggering VOC controls. Most of the Marcellus Shale in Pennsylvania is comprised of dry gas, meaning it contains a lower fraction of VOCs in the natural gas than the “wet gas” area of the state (primarily southwest Pennsylvania). By not addressing methane leakage directly, DEP would be allowing a significant amount of methane leaks to occur at gas infrastructure throughout the state. From a climate change perspective, this is irresponsible. In addition, the rule also unfortunately includes an exemptions for natural gas wells that produce a low amount of gas. Research has shown that these low-producing wells can actually emit just as much methane or more than higher producing wells. In the interest of limiting climate-damaging methane emissions, this exemption must be removed from the proposed rule. I voiced my support for a rule that addresses these shortcomings at a recent meeting of DEP’s air quality advisory committee in Harrisburg. I shared my research findings concluding that methane emissions are considerably higher than industry and DEP estimates. As the rule advances to the Environmental Quality Board, the state’s environmental rule-making body, and becomes available for public comment, I hope DEP will improve the draft rule by specifically targeting methane at existing natural gas operations in Pennsylvania and removing exemptions. If we want a chance to avoid the impacts of catastrophic climate change, DEP must do everything within its authority to protect current and future generations. Peter DeCarlo, associate professor at Drexel University’s College of Engineering and College of Arts and Sciences.

1 0

Clairton Coke Works Receiving On-Going Air Pollution Monitoring
by Duane Nichols via MVCAC 02 May '19

02 May '19

Cleaner air, but not clean enough for Mon Valley residents Article by DON HOPEY, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, May 1, 2019 The Allegheny County Health Department says the air in the still-industrial Mon Valley is cleaner than it’s been in decades, but a dozen residents at the Board of Health meeting Wednesday afternoon said that’s not good enough. Jim Kelly, department deputy director of environmental health, repeated Tuesday’s announcement that the soot monitor in Liberty, downwind from U.S. Steel Corp.’s Clairton Coke Works, met the federal standard for airborne particles in 2018 for the first time. And he said the county’s portion of a state plan to control pollution shows that Liberty and all eight county monitors measuring PM 2.5, or pollution particulates 2.5 micrometers in diameter or smaller, would meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards by 2021. “Meteorology may have had an influence on the PM levels because of all the hard rain events and fewer and less severe inversions, but we don’t think it was a significant effect,” Mr. Kelly said. “More significantly, violations were way down and Clairton [Coke Works] had the fewest since 2015. So 2018 was a particularly clean year.” The 2018 annual PM 2.5 value for the Liberty monitor was 11.5 micrograms per cubic meter, slightly lower than the Environmental Protection Agency standard of 12, and more than a point below the 2017 value of 13.4. The short-term, daily PM value was 28 micrograms per cubic meter, lower than the EPA standards of 35 and below the 2017 value of 36.5. All other county monitors are also in compliance. But Matt Mehalik, executive director of the Breathe Project, a coalition of 24 local environmental organizations, told the health board “it’s premature to be doing a victory lap” even with the Liberty numbers much improved. “We have to make sure that U.S. Steel doesn’t backslide,” he said. “There is much work yet to be done.” Don Nevills, a Navy veteran and business owner from Clairton, urged the health board to take quick action on new, tougher coke oven emissions standards. “I understand what the [coke works] means to the region. I get it. But what I can’t understand is why we can’t have clean air,” Mr. Nevills said. “We’ve come part way, but we’ve got a long way yet to go.” He said at the same time the Pittsburgh-based steelmaker is making $1.8 billion in profits, the cancer rate in Clairton is significantly higher than the national average. “The company is reaping the rewards. It can afford to start replacing its three antiquated coke batteries that are causing so many problems,” Mr. Nevills said. “You [the health board] can help us live longer and breathe easier by holding U.S. Steel accountable.” Mark Dixon, a local environmental filmmaker, called the steelmaker’s operation of the coke works following a Dec. 24 fire that destroyed its desulfurization equipment and led to nine violations of sulfur dioxide emissions standards “criminal” and the health department response “impotent.” “Air quality better than it used to be is no longer good enough,” Mr. Dixon said. “We demand clean air now.” “It’s important we do figure out the sources and emissions,” said Joylette Portlock, a health board member, “and link those to the actual health impacts.” Kurt Barshick, general manager of U.S. Steel’s Mon Valley Works, which includes Clairton, the Edgar Thomson steel mill in Braddock and the Irvin mill in West Mifflin, said the operations have had no sulfur dioxide exceedances since the pollution control repairs were completed at the coke works April 4 and has met the performance requirements set forth in several consent orders. After the lengthy meeting ended, Health Department Director Karen Hacker said the department has heard the complaints and requests for help from Mon Valley residents and is taking unprecedented action to address the air pollution problems. “We’ve done nothing but increase our efforts in that area. We have heard their complaints, and I am glad they are speaking out,” Dr. Hacker said. “I welcome their comments, but we also need to acknowledge improvements when we see them.” She said the department is reviewing whether to intervene on the side of PennEnvironment and the Clean Air Council in a federal lawsuit filed Monday in Pittsburgh that alleges U.S. Steel violated the federal Clean Air Act by continuing to operate the coke works and its Edgar Thomson and Irvin steel mills without adequately controlling emissions of sulfur dioxide and other coke oven gases. “We want to make sure we don’t get in the way of the citizens’ complaint they filed,” she said. The department is reviewing air quality data but has not yet assessed fines related to the emissions that occurred for 102 days from the date of the fire until the desulfurization equipment went back in operation. https://www.post-gazette.com/news/2019/05/01/Cleaner-air-but-not-clean-enou…

1 0

Jump to page:

2025

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

2011

2010

2009

2008

2007

2006

2005

MVCAC